Ibikoresho bya HEPA Filter Media ni iki?

Uburyo bwo gukora HEPA Filter Media

Imikorere yaicyuma gishungura HEPANtabwo bishingiye gusa ku miterere y'ibikoresho byayo ahubwo no ku buryo bwo kuyikora bukoreshwa mu gukora imiterere ya fibre. Dore inzira z'ingenzi zikoreshwa:

1. Gushonga (Polymeric Media)

Uburyo bwo gukaraba ni bwo buryo bw'ibanze bwo gukora HEPA ya polymer. Muri ubu buryo, uduce duto twa polymer (urugero, polypropylene) turashongeshwa tugasohorwa binyuze mu tuzu duto. Hanyuma umwuka ushyushye wihuse cyane uhuhwa hejuru y'imigezi ya polymer yashongeshejwe, ukayikuramo imigozi myiza cyane (ubusanzwe ifite umurambararo wa mikorometero 1-5) ishyirwa ku mukandara ugenda. Uko imigozi ikonje, ihuzwa mu buryo butunguranye kugira ngo ikore urushundura rudafunze rufite imiterere ifite imyenge, ifite imiterere itatu. Ingano y'imyenge n'ubucucike bwa fibre bishobora guhindurwa hagenzurwa umuvuduko w'umwuka, ubushyuhe bwa polymer, n'umuvuduko wo gusohora, bigatuma abakora ibikoresho bahindura ibyuma kugira ngo bihuze n'ubushobozi bwihariye n'ibikenewe mu muyoboro w'umwuka. Meltblown media ihendutse kandi irashobora kwaguka, bigatuma iba amahitamo akunze kuboneka ku byuma biyungurura HEPA bikorerwa mu bwinshi.

2. Guhindura amashanyarazi (Nanofiber Media)

Guhindura amashanyarazi ni uburyo bugezweho bukoreshwa mu gukora imigozi ya polymerike myiza cyane (nanofibers, ifite uburebure buri hagati ya nanometero 10 na 100). Muri ubu buryo, umuti wa polymeri ushyirwa mu cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gifata urushinge ruto, ruhujwe n'amashanyarazi afite ingufu nyinshi. Iyo umuriro ukoreshejwe, hakorwa amashanyarazi hagati y'urushinge n'icyuma gifata amazi kiri hasi. Umuti wa polymeri uva mu cyuma nk'umuyoboro muto, urambara kandi wumisha mu kirere kugira ngo ukore imigozi mito ikusanyirizwa ku cyuma nk'umugozi muto kandi ufite imyenge. Nanofiber HEPA media itanga ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo kuyungurura kuko imigozi mito ikora urusobe rw'imyenge ishobora gufata n'uduce duto cyane. Byongeye kandi, umurambararo muto wa fibre ugabanya ubushobozi bwo kwirinda umwuka, bigatuma umuvuduko ugabanuka kandi ingufu zigakoreshwa neza. Ariko, gutunganya amashanyarazi bifata igihe kinini kandi bihenze kuruta gushonga, bityo ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikorwa bigezweho nko mu bikoresho by'ubuvuzi n'ibikoresho byo mu kirere.

3. Uburyo bwo gushyiramo amazi (Ibyuma by'ibirahure)

Ibyuma bya HEPA by’ibirahuri bikunze gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutose, nk’uko bikorwa mu mpapuro. Ubwa mbere, imigozi y’ibirahuri icibwamo ibice bigufi (milimetero 1-5) hanyuma ikavangwa n’amazi n’ibindi binyabutabire (urugero, ibifunga n’ibikwirakwiza) kugira ngo bikore ururenda. Hanyuma ururenda rushyirwa ku gikoresho kigenda (urushundura), aho amazi asohoka, hagasigara agatambaro k’imigozi y’ibirahuri gafite imyenge. Ururenda ruramishwa kandi rugashyuha kugira ngo ururenda rukore, ruhuza imigozi kugira ngo rukore imiterere ikomeye kandi ifite imyenge. Uburyo bwo gutose butuma habaho kugenzura neza ikwirakwizwa ry’imigozi n’ubugari, bigatuma habaho imikorere ihoraho yo kuyungurura mu buryo buhoraho. Ariko, ubu buryo bukoresha ingufu nyinshi kuruta gushonga, bigira uruhare mu gutuma ikiguzi kinini cya filter za HEPA z’ibirahuri kizamuka.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere ya HEPA Filter Media

Mu gusuzuma imikorere ya HEPA filter media, hakoreshwa ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere (KPIs):

1. Uburyo bwo kuyungurura neza

Uburyo bwo kuyungurura ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi cyane bwo gupima ijanisha ry'uduce dufatirwa n'ibice. Dukurikije amahame mpuzamahanga, ibice nyabyo bya HEPA bigomba kugera ku musaruro wa 99.97% ku duce twa 0.3 µm (bikunze kwitwa "ingano y'uduce twinjira cyane" cyangwa MPPS). Ibice bya HEPA byo mu rwego rwo hejuru (urugero, HEPA H13, H14 kuri EN 1822) bishobora kugera ku musaruro wa 99.95% cyangwa hejuru ku duce duto nka 0.1 µm. Ubushobozi bupimwa hakoreshejwe uburyo nka ikizamini cya dioctyl phthalate (DOP) cyangwa ikizamini cya polystyrene latex (PSL) bead, gipima ingano y'uduce mbere na nyuma yo kunyura mu bice.

2. Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko

Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko bivuze ubudahangarwa bw'umwuka utembera bitewe n'icyuma gitunganya umwuka. Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko muke ni byiza kuko bigabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu (kuri sisitemu za HVAC cyangwa imashini zisukura umwuka) kandi bikongera ubushobozi bwo guhumeka (ku byuma bihumeka). Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko wa HEPA biterwa n'ubucucike bwa fibre, ubunini, n'ingano y'imyenge: icyuma gikonje cyane gifite imyenge mito akenshi kiba gifite ubushobozi bwo gukora neza ariko kandi kinagabanya umuvuduko muke. Abakora bagereranya ibi bintu kugira ngo bakore icyuma gitanga ubushobozi bwo gukora neza no kugabanuka k'umuvuduko muke—urugero, gukoresha fibre zishyushye cyane kugira ngo bongere ubushobozi bwo gukora neza hatabayeho kongera ubucucike bwa fibre.

3. Ubushobozi bwo gufata ivumbi (DHC)

Ubushobozi bwo gufata ivumbi ni ingano ntarengwa y'ibintu bishobora gufata icyuma gifata ivumbi mbere yuko igitutu cyacyo kigabanukaho umuvuduko wacyo urenga urugero runaka (ubusanzwe 250–500 Pa) cyangwa ubushobozi bwacyo bukagabanuka munsi y'urwego rusabwa. DHC iri hejuru bivuze ko icyuma gifata ivumbi kimara igihe kirekire, bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza n'inshuro zo kugitunganya. Igikoresho gifata ivumbi ry'ikirahure ubusanzwe gifite DHC iri hejuru kurusha icyuma gifata ivumbi ry'ikirahure bitewe n'imiterere yacyo ikomeye kandi gifite ingano nini y'imyenge, bigatuma kiba kibereye ahantu harangwa ivumbi ryinshi nko mu nganda.

4. Kurwanya imiti n'ubushyuhe

Ku bikorwa byihariye, ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ibinyabutabire n'ubushyuhe ni ingenzi mu mikorere ya KPI. Fibre y'ibirahure ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bugera kuri 250°C kandi irwanya aside nyinshi n'ibice by'ibanze, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu nganda zitwika cyangwa mu nganda zitunganya ibinyabutabire. Imashini ya polymeric ishingiye kuri PTFE irwanya cyane ibinyabutabire kandi ishobora gukora mu bushyuhe bugera kuri 200°C, mu gihe imashini ya polipropylene idashyuha cyane (ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora bwa ~80°C) ariko irwanya amavuta n'ibintu bikomoka ku bimera.

Imikoreshereze ya HEPA Filter Media

Imashini iyungurura HEPA ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye mu nganda, bitewe nuko hakenewe umwuka mwiza n'ahantu hatari utunyangingo:

1. Ubuvuzi n'Ubuvuzi

Mu bitaro, mu mavuriro no mu nganda zikora imiti, HEPA filter media ni ingenzi cyane mu gukumira ikwirakwira ry’udukoko two mu kirere (urugero: bagiteri, virusi, n’udukoko tw’ibihumyo). Ikoreshwa mu byumba byo kubaga, mu byumba byita ku barembye cyane (ICUs), mu byumba byo gusukuramo imiti, no mu bikoresho by’ubuvuzi nk’ibyuma bihumeka n’iby’ubuhumekero. Fibre y’ikirahure n’ibikoresho bya HEPA bishingiye kuri PTFE birakunzwe cyane kubera ubushobozi bwabyo bwo hejuru, ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira isuku (urugero: autoclaving).

2. HVAC n'Ubuziranenge bw'Umwuka mu Nzu

Sisitemu zo gushyushya, guhumeka no gukonjesha (HVAC) mu nyubako z'ubucuruzi, mu bigo by'amakuru, no mu ngo z'abaturage zikoresha HEPA filter media kugira ngo zinoze ubwiza bw'umwuka wo mu nzu (IAQ). Polymeric HEPA media ikunze gukoreshwa mu byuma bisukura umwuka wo mu ngo no mu byuma biyungurura HVAC bitewe nuko bihendutse kandi bigakoresha ingufu nke, mu gihe fibre media ikoreshwa mu byuma binini biyungurura HVAC mu bidukikije birimo ivumbi ryinshi.

3. Inganda n'Inganda

Mu nganda nko mu gukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, mu nganda zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, no mu guteranya imodoka, HEPA filter media ikoreshwa mu kubungabunga isuku y'ibyumba bifite umubare muto cyane w'uduce duto (bipimirwa mu duce kuri buri metero kibe). Iyi porogaramu isaba HEPA media yo mu rwego rwo hejuru (urugero, H14) kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduzwa n'ibice by'ingenzi. Fibre y'ikirahure n'ibice by'ibikoresho bivanze ni byo bikundwa hano kubera ubushobozi bwabyo bwo hejuru no kuramba kwabyo.

4. Ibicuruzwa by'abaguzi

Imashini zisukura umwuka za HEPA zikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bikoreshwa n'abantu nka vacuum cleaner, air purifiers, na masks. Imashini zisukura umwuka za polymeric meltblown ni zo zikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bihumeka bya N95/KN95, byaje kuba ingenzi mu gihe cy'icyorezo cya COVID-19 mu kurinda virusi zo mu kirere. Mu bikoresho bisukura umwuka, HEPA irinda ivumbi rito n'ibintu bitera allergy gusubira mu kirere, bigatuma umwuka wo mu nzu urushaho kuba mwiza.

Ingendo z'ejo hazaza mu bikoresho bya HEPA Filter Media

Uko icyifuzo cy'umwuka mwiza kigenda cyiyongera n'ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, hari ibintu byinshi birimo kugena ahazaza h'ibikoresho bya HEPA filter media:

1. Ikoranabuhanga rya Nanofiber

Iterambere ry'ibikoresho bya HEPA bishingiye kuri nanofiber ni ikintu cy'ingenzi, kuko ibi bikoresho by'imigozi bitanga umusaruro mwinshi kandi bigabanya umuvuduko kurusha ibikoresho bisanzwe. Iterambere mu buhanga bwo gupima no gushonga birimo gutuma ibikoresho bya nanofiber bihendutse mu kubikora, bikongera ikoreshwa ryabyo mu bucuruzi no mu nganda. Abashakashatsi barimo kandi gusuzuma ikoreshwa rya polymers zishobora kwangirika (urugero, aside polylactic, PLA) mu bikoresho bya nanofiber kugira ngo hakemurwe ibibazo bifitanye isano n'ibidukikije ku myanda ya pulasitiki.

2. Kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi

Imashini zitunganya amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi asanzwe, zikoresha amashanyarazi asanzwe kugira ngo zifate uduce duto, zirimo gutera imbere cyane. Abakora amashanyarazi barimo gutegura uburyo bushya bwo gushyushya (urugero: gusohora corona, gushyushya triboelectric) binongera igihe kirekire cy’amashanyarazi asanzwe, bigatuma amashanyarazi ahoraho mu gihe cyose cy’ubuzima bw’imashini zitunganya amashanyarazi. Ibi bigabanya gukenera gusimbuza amashanyarazi kenshi kandi bikagabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu.

3. Itangazamakuru rikoresha imikorere myinshi

Imashini ziyungurura za HEPA zizakorwa kugira ngo zikore imirimo myinshi, nko gufata uduce duto, gukuraho impumuro mbi, no kugabanya imyuka. Ibi bigerwaho binyuze mu guhuza karubone ikora, ibikoresho bifotora (urugero: dioxyde titanium), n'imiti irwanya udukoko mu mashini. Urugero, imashini zirwanya udukoko za HEPA zishobora kubuza bagiteri n'ibihumyo gukura ku buso bw'imashini ziyungurura, bikagabanya ibyago byo kwandura.

4. Ibikoresho birambye

Kubera ko ubumenyi ku bidukikije bukomeje kwiyongera, hari imbaraga zo gushaka ibikoresho bya HEPA filter media birambye. Abakora barimo gushakisha umutungo ushobora kongera gukoreshwa (urugero: polymers zishingiye ku bimera) n'ibikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa kugira ngo bagabanye ingaruka za filters zikoreshwa mu kugabanya ibidukikije. Byongeye kandi, hari imbaraga zirimo gushyirwa mu kunoza uburyo polymeric media zisanzwe zishobora kongera gukoreshwa no kwangirika, bityo hakemurwa ikibazo cy'imyanda ya filter mu myanda.

Ibikoresho bya HEPA filter media ni substrate yihariye igenewe gufata uduce duto two mu kirere mu buryo butangaje, igira uruhare runini mu kurinda ubuzima bw'abantu no kubungabunga ibidukikije bisukuye mu nganda. Kuva kuri fibre gakondo y'ikirahure kugeza kuri nanofibers za polymeric zigezweho n'imiterere ivanze, imiterere y'ibikoresho bya HEPA media igenewe kuzuza ibisabwa byihariye by'ikoreshwa ritandukanye. Imirimo yo gukora nko gushonga, gucuranga amashanyarazi, no gushyira amazi mu kirere bigena imiterere y'icyuma, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku bipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere nko gutunganya neza, kugabanuka k'umuvuduko, no gufata ivumbi. Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, ibintu nk'ikoranabuhanga rya nanofiber, kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi, imiterere y'imikorere myinshi, no gukomeza kubaho biri gutera udushya mu cyuma cya HEPA filter media, bigatuma kirushaho gukora neza, gihendutse, kandi kidahungabanya ibidukikije. Haba mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi, mu nganda, cyangwa mu bicuruzwa bicuruzwa n'abaguzi, HEPA filter media izakomeza kuba igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kwemeza ko umwuka mwiza n'ejo hazaza hazima.