Ni ikihe gitambaro cyiza cyo kuyungurura ivumbi?

Mu gihe cyo gushakisha imyenda myiza yo kuyungurura ivumbi, ibikoresho bibiri byakunze kwitabwaho cyane kubera imikorere yabyo idasanzwe: PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) n'imiterere yayo yagutse, ePTFE (Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene). Ibi bikoresho by'ubukorikori, bizwiho imiterere yabyo yihariye y'ibinyabutabire n'imiterere yabyo, byahinduye uburyo bwo kuyungurura ivumbi mu bintu bigoye, bitanga ibyiza bitandukanya imyenda gakondo nka ipamba, polyester, cyangwa ndetse n'ibikoresho bisanzwe bya HEPA.

PTFE, ikunze kwitwa izina ryayo rya Teflon, ni fluoropolymer izwiho ubushobozi bwayo bwo kudafata, kudafata imiti, no kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mu buryo bwayo bwa mbere, PTFE ni ibikoresho bikomeye kandi bikomeye, ariko iyo ikozwe mu myenda ya filter, ikora ubuso bworoshye, butarimo gucikamo ibice, butuma ivumbi, ibinyobwa n'ibindi bihumanya bivamo. Ubu bwiza bwo kudafata ni ingenzi mu kuyungurura ivumbi: bitandukanye n'imyenda ifite imyenge ifata uduce twinshi mu migozi yayo (bigatuma ifunga),Imashini ziyungurura za PTFEyemerera ivumbi kwirundanya ku buso, bigatuma byoroha gusukura cyangwa kwikuramo. Iyi "nzira yo gukurura ubuso" ituma umwuka ukomeza gutemba uko igihe kigenda gihita, inyungu ikomeye mu hantu harangwa ivumbi ryinshi nko mu bwubatsi cyangwa inganda zikora.

ePTFE, yakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kwagura PTFE kugira ngo ikore imiterere ifite imyenge, igeza imikorere yo kuyungurura ku rwego rwo hejuru. Uburyo bwo kwagura butanga urusobe rw'imyenge mito cyane (ubusanzwe iri hagati ya mikoroni 0.1 na 10) mu gihe igumana imiterere ya PTFE. Iyi myenge ikora nk'urushundura nyarwo: ifunga uduce tw'umukungugu—harimo uduce duto (PM2.5) ndetse n'uduce duto—mu gihe ituma umwuka unyura nta mbogamizi. Imiterere ya ePTFE irahinduka cyane, bigatuma ikoreshwa kuva ku byuma bisukura umwuka byo mu ngo (gusukura inyamaswa n'umukungugu) kugeza ku byumba by'isuku by'inganda (gufata ibicuruzwa bikozwe mu nganda).

Imwe mu nyungu zigaragara za PTFE na ePTFE ni uko ziramba kandi zirwanya ikirere kibi. Bitandukanye n'ipamba cyangwa polyester, bishobora kwangirika iyo bihuye n'imiti, ubushuhe, cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi, PTFE na ePTFE ntizishobora gukoreshwa mu bintu byinshi, harimo aside n'ibintu bishongesha. Zishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe buri hagati ya -200°C na 260°C (-328°F na 500°F), bigatuma ziba nziza cyane gukoreshwa mu itanura, mu buryo bwo gusohora imyuka, cyangwa ahantu ho hanze aho ibyuma bihurizwa n'ikirere gikabije. Uku kwihangana bivuze ko bimara igihe kirekire—ibyuma bihurizwamo PTFE na ePTFE bishobora kumara amezi cyangwa imyaka iyo bifashwe neza, birusha ibindi bikoresho bikoreshwa nk'impapuro cyangwa ibyuma by'umwimerere.

Indi nyungu ni uko bidakenewe cyane mu kubungabunga. Kubera ko ubuso bwa PTFE budafatana, uduce tw'umukungugu ntitwuma cyane ku bikoresho by'urufunguzo. Kenshi na kenshi, gukurura urufunguzo cyangwa gukoresha umwuka ufunze bihagije kugira ngo bikuremo ivumbi ryikusanyije, bigasubiza imikorere yarwo. Uku kongera gukoreshwa ntibigabanya gusa imyanda ahubwo binagabanya ikiguzi cy'igihe kirekire ugereranije n'urufunguzo rukoreshwa rimwe gusa. Urugero, mu byuma bisukura ibyuma mu nganda, urufunguzo rwa ePTFE rushobora gusukurwa inshuro nyinshi mbere yo gusimburwa, bigabanura cyane amafaranga akoreshwa mu bikorwa.

Ugereranije na filter za HEPA—zifatwa nk'urugero rwa zahabu rwo kuyungurura uduce duto—ePTFE ifite ubushobozi bwayo. Nubwo filter za HEPA zigira 99.97% by'uduce twa mikoroni 0.3, filter za ePTFE nziza zishobora kugera ku rwego rungana cyangwa rwo hejuru rw'imikorere. Byongeye kandi, impumuro nziza ya ePTFE (kubera imiterere yayo myiza y'imyenge) igabanya imbaraga ku buryo bw'abafana, bigatuma ikoresha ingufu nyinshi kurusha HEPA mu bikorwa byinshi.

Mu gusoza, PTFE na ePTFE bigaragarira nk'imyenda idasanzwe yo kuyungurura ivumbi. Uruvange rwabyo rwihariye rwo kwirinda imiti, kwihanganira ubushyuhe, guhindagurika kw'ingufu, no kongera gukoreshwa bituma bikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye haba mu buzima bwa buri munsi ndetse no mu nganda. Byaba ari ubuso bwa PTFE budafatana bwo gukusanya ivumbi rikomeye cyangwa membrane ya ePTFE yagutse yo kuyungurura uduce duto cyane, ibi bikoresho bitanga igisubizo cyizewe kandi kirambye cyo kugumana umwuka udafite ivumbi n'ibintu bihumanya. Ku bashaka icyuma gipima imikorere, kuramba, no kugabanya ikiguzi, PTFE na ePTFE nta gushidikanya ko ari bimwe mu mahitamo meza ahari.