PTFE itangazamakuruubusanzwe bivuga ikintu gikozwe muri polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE mu magambo ahinnye). Ibi bikurikira ni intangiriro irambuye ku kintu gikoreshwa muri PTFE:
Ⅰ. Imiterere y'ibikoresho
1. Gukomera ku buziranenge bw'ibinyabutabire
PTFE ni ibikoresho bihamye cyane. Ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ibinyabutabire kandi ntishobora kubangamira imiti hafi ya yose. Urugero, mu bidukikije birimo aside zikomeye (nka aside sulfurike, aside nitrike, nibindi), ishingiro rikomeye (nka sodium hydroxide, nibindi) n'ibintu byinshi biyungurura ibinyabuzima (nka benzene, toluene, nibindi), ibikoresho bya PTFE ntibishobora gukora ibinyabutabire. Ibi bituma ikundwa cyane mu bikorwa nko gufunga no gufunga imiyoboro mu nganda zikora imiti n'imiti, kuko izi nganda zikunze gukenera gukorana n'imiti itandukanye igoye.
2. Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe
Ibyuma bya PTFE bishobora gukomeza gukora neza mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Bishobora gukora neza mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya -200℃ na 260℃. Mu bushyuhe buke, ntibizacika intege; mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ntibizabora cyangwa ngo bihinduke byoroshye nk'uko bimeze kuri pulasitiki zimwe na zimwe zisanzwe. Ubu bushyuhe bwiza butuma PTFE ikoresha cyane mu kirere, mu byuma by'ikoranabuhanga n'ahandi. Urugero, muri sisitemu y'amazi y'indege, PTFE irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi buterwa n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere n'imikorere ya sisitemu mu gihe cyo kuguruka.
3. Igipimo cyo gukururana gito
PTFE ifite coefficient yo gukururana iri hasi cyane, imwe mu zizwi cyane mu bikoresho bikomeye. Coefficients zayo zo gukururana zihinduka kandi zihoraho zombi ni nto cyane, hafi 0.04. Ibi bituma PTFE ikora neza cyane iyo ikoreshejwe nk'amavuta mu bice bya mekanike. Urugero, muri bimwe mu bikoresho bya mekanike, imiyoboro cyangwa uduce twa PTFE bishobora kugabanya gukururana hagati y'ibice bya mekanike, kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, no kongera igihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho.
4. Gukingira amashanyarazi
PTFE ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukingira amashanyarazi. Igumana ubushobozi bwo gukingira amashanyarazi ku rugero runini. Mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, PTFE dielectric ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho bikingira amashanyarazi, nk'urwego rwo gukingira amashanyarazi rw'insinga n'insinga. Ishobora gukumira amazi ava mu kirere, ikagenzura imikorere isanzwe y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, kandi ikarwanya imikorere y'amashanyarazi yo hanze.
Urugero, mu nsinga z'itumanaho zihuta cyane, urwego rwa PTFE rushobora kwemeza ko ubutumwa bw'amajwi buhamye kandi bukora neza.
5. Kudafatana
Ubuso bwa dielectric ya PTFE bufite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kudafatana. Ibi biterwa nuko ubushobozi bwa atome za fluorine mu miterere ya molekile ya PTFE buri hejuru cyane, bigatuma ubuso bwa PTFE bugorana gufatana n'ibindi bintu mu buryo bwa shimi. Uku kudafatana bituma PTFE ikoreshwa cyane mu gutwikira ibikoresho byo gutekesha (nk'amasafuriya adafatana). Iyo ibiryo bitetse mu isafuriya idafatana, ntibizafatana byoroshye n'urukuta rw'isafuriya, bigatuma byoroha kubisukura no kugabanya amavuta akoreshwa mu gihe cyo guteka.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya PVDF na PTFE?
PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) na PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) byombi ni polimeri zifite fluorine zifite imiterere myinshi isa, ariko kandi zifite itandukaniro rinini mu miterere ya shimi, imikorere n'ikoreshwa. Itandukaniro ryabyo ry'ingenzi ni iri:
Ⅰ. Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire
PVDF:
Imiterere y'imiti ni CH2−CF2n, ikaba ari polimeri ifite ishusho ya semi-crystalline.
Uruhererekane rw'ibinyabutabire rurimo ibice bya methylene (-CH2-) na trifluoromethyl (-CF2-).
PTFE:
Imiterere y'imiti ni CF2−CF2n, ikaba ari perfluoropolymer.
Uruhererekane rw'ingirabuzimafatizo rugizwe gusa na atome za fluorine na atome za karuboni, nta atome za hydrogen.
Ⅱ. Igereranya ry'imikorere
| Igipimo cy'Imikorere | PVDF | PTFE |
| Ubudahangarwa bw'imiti | Ubudahangarwa bwiza bw'imiti, ariko ntabwo ari bwiza nka PTFE. Ubudahangarwa bwiza ku bintu byinshi birimo aside, bases n'ibintu bihumanya ikirere, ariko budahangarwa neza ku bases zikomeye mu bushyuhe bwinshi. | Ntibikoreshwa mu bintu hafi ya byose birimo imiti, kandi birwanya cyane imiti. |
| Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe | Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ni -40℃ ~ 150℃, kandi imikorere izagabanuka iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru. | Ingano y'ubushyuhe bwo gukora ni -200℃ ~ 260℃, kandi ubushyuhe burakomera cyane. |
| Imbaraga za mekanike | Ingufu za mekanike ni nyinshi, zifite imbaraga zo gukurura no kudakora neza. | Ingufu za mekanike ni nkeya ugereranyije, ariko ifite ubworoherane bwiza kandi irwanya umunaniro. |
| Igipimo cy'ingufu | Igipimo cyo gukururana kiri hasi, ariko kiri hejuru ya PTFE. | Igipimo cyo gushwanyagurika kiri hasi cyane, kimwe mu bintu bito bizwi cyane. |
| Ubwugarizi bw'amashanyarazi | Imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu gukingira ni myiza, ariko ntabwo ari myiza nka PTFE. | Imikorere y'amashanyarazi yo gukingira ni myiza cyane, ikwiriye ahantu hafite frequency nyinshi n'amashanyarazi menshi. |
| Kudafatana | Kudafatana ni byiza, ariko ntabwo ari byiza nka PTFE. | Ifite imbaraga zikomeye cyane zo kudafatana kandi ni yo ikoreshwa cyane mu gusiga amasafuriya adafatana. |
| Uburyo bwo gutunganya ibintu | Biroroshye gutunganya kandi bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo busanzwe nko gushushanya no gusohora. | Biragoye gutunganya kandi akenshi bisaba uburyo bwihariye bwo gutunganya nk'ubushyuhe. |
| Ubucucike | Ubucucike ni hafi 1.75 g/cm³, bikaba ari byo byoroheje. | Ubucucike ni hafi 2.15 g/cm³, bikaba biremereye cyane. |
Ⅲ. Ahantu ho gushyiramo porogaramu
| Porogaramu | PVDF | PTFE |
| Inganda z'ibinyabutabire | Ikoreshwa mu gukora imiyoboro, valve, pompe n'ibindi bikoresho birwanya ingese, cyane cyane bikoreshwa mu gutunganya ahantu hafite aside cyangwa alkaline. | Ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bya shimi, imiyoboro, nibindi, kandi ikwiriye ahantu hakomeye cyane hakoreshwa shimi. |
| Inganda z'ikoranabuhanga | Ikoreshwa mu gukora amazu, ibyuma bikingira umuriro, nibindi by'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, bikwiriye ibidukikije biciriritse n'amashanyarazi. | Ikoreshwa mu gukora ibice bikingira ubushyuhe by'insinga zifite umuvuduko mwinshi n'ibihuza ikoranabuhanga, bikwiranye n'ibidukikije bifite umuvuduko mwinshi n'amashanyarazi menshi. |
| Inganda z'ubukanishi | Ikoreshwa mu gukora ibice bya mekanike, ibyuma bifunga, ibifunga, nibindi, ikwiriye ahantu haciriritse n'ubushyuhe. | Ikoreshwa mu gukora ibice bidashyuha cyane, ibifunga, nibindi, bikwiranye n'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ahantu hadashyuha cyane. |
| Inganda z'ibiribwa n'imiti | Ikoreshwa mu gukora ibice by'ibikoresho bitunganya ibiribwa, ibice by'ibikoresho bya farumasi, nibindi, bikwiriye ahantu hashyushye kandi hakoreshwa imiti. | Ikoreshwa mu gukora irangi ridafatana, imikandara yo kohereza ibiribwa, imikandara y'ibikoresho bya farumasi, nibindi, ikwiriye ahantu hashyuha cyane kandi hakomeye mu bidukikije. |
| Inganda z'ubwubatsi | Ikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho byo ku nkuta zo hanze, ibikoresho byo gusakara, nibindi, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ikirere n'ubwiza. | Ikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho byo gufunga inyubako, ibikoresho bitagira amazi, nibindi, bikwiriye ahantu hakomeye cyane. |
Ⅳ. Igiciro
PVDF: Ihendutse cyane, kandi ihendutse cyane.
PTFE: Bitewe n'ikoranabuhanga ryayo ryihariye ryo gutunganya ibikoresho n'imikorere myiza, igiciro kiri hejuru.
Ⅴ. Ingaruka ku bidukikije
PVDF: Imyuka mibi mike ishobora kurekurwa iyo ubushyuhe bwinshi bukabije, ariko ingaruka muri rusange ku bidukikije ni nke.
PTFE: Ibintu byangiza nka aside perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) bishobora kurekurwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ariko uburyo bugezweho bwo gukora bwagabanyije cyane iyi ngaruka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-09-2025